{"id":7299,"date":"2017-07-05T10:14:51","date_gmt":"2017-07-05T17:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/?p=7299"},"modified":"2017-07-05T10:57:29","modified_gmt":"2017-07-05T17:57:29","slug":"composers-on-composing-stephen-goss-jorge-morel-dusan-bogdanovic-and-gerard-drozd-on-inspiration-influences-and-the-hard-work-of-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/composers-on-composing-stephen-goss-jorge-morel-dusan-bogdanovic-and-gerard-drozd-on-inspiration-influences-and-the-hard-work-of-writing\/","title":{"rendered":"COMPOSERS ON COMPOSING<br> Stephen Goss, Jorge Morel, Du\u0161an Bogdanovic, and Gerard Drozd on Inspiration, Influences, and the Hard Work of Writing"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6 class=\"p1\">From the Summer 2017 issue of <em>Classical Guitar<\/em> | BY MARK SMALL<\/h6>\n<p class=\"p1\">By the time the modern guitar had six strings and a standardized tuning system, keyboard, string, woodwind, and brass instruments had already arrived at their current state. Hence the literature for other classical instruments has been in development longer than that of the guitar and boasts contributions from some of history\u2019s greatest composers.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">With so many writing guitar music these days, an ongoing debate in guitar circles is whether a guitarist who has mastered the idiosyncrasies of the instrument, but is a self-taught composer, tends to get by more on the guitar\u2019s attractive idiomatic resources than on purely compositional ideals. Can such a composer produce work with the gravitas of Benjamin Britten\u2019s <i>Nocturnal after John Dowland <\/i>or Joaqu\u00edn Rodrigo\u2019s <i>Concierto de Aranjuez<\/i>? Countless non-performing composers have created hugely successful works for a range of instruments. But alternatively, among the great composers we find many virtuosic players (Bach, Chopin, Brahms, Mozart, and Vivaldi come to mind) who wrote extraordinary works for their own instruments.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">The concert repertoire penned specifically for the modern classical guitar is of fairly recent vintage, with a foundation laid by a core of 19th-century composer-virtuosi. In the 20th century, Andr\u00e9s Segovia sought to broaden the repertoire by commissioning new works from living composers\u2014specifically non-guitarist composers. Those efforts have continued with younger generations of artists, and a coterie of contemporary non-guitarist composers have created masterpieces for the repertoire\u2014works by the aforementioned Britten and Rodrigo, Manuel Ponce, William Walton, Luciano Berio, Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, and others <span class=\"s1\">are revered by guitarists and non-guitarists<\/span> alike.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">We will not attempt to settle any debates here, but will examine different approaches and philosophies of these successful contemporary guitarist-composers.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UafIAw7a04U?rel=0\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"p1\">STEPHEN\u00a0GOSS:\u00a0WORKING FROM THE BIG BANG<\/h4>\n<p>Welsh composer-guitarist Stephen Goss studied guitar at London\u2019s Royal Academy of Music and holds a doctorate in composition. He\u2019s currently chair of composition at the University of Surrey (UK) and a professor of guitar at the Royal Academy of Music. Goss has also distinguished himself as a performer and recording artist as a soloist and with the Tetra Guitar Quartet. He has created a large catalog with works for orchestra, chorus, piano, solo guitar, and guitar with other instruments or voice. About 60 percent of his music includes guitar.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">For over a decade, Goss has been receiving commissions from top artists, including John Williams, Xuefei Yang, Milo\u0161 Karadaglic, and David Russell. He says the awareness of his composing began with his own performances of his music. \u201cSome people heard my pieces, either live or on CD, and became interested in them, and they eventually started to ask me to write music for them,\u201d Goss says. \u201cAt first these commissions were unpaid\u2014I was just happy to have my music played by professional players.\u201d Xuefei Yang heard Jonathan Leathwood premiere Goss\u2019 \u201cOxen of the Sun\u201d in London, and subsequently commissioned the suite <i>Raise the Red Lantern<\/i>, the first of many collaborations between Goss and Yang. \u201cJohn Williams heard Xuefei\u2019s recording of my <i>Albeniz Concerto<\/i> in 2009 and became interested in my music,\u201d Goss relates. \u201cIt\u2019s been a gradual process, a slow burn that has taken many years.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">Goss gained even more visibility after Williams recorded his <i>Guitar Concerto <\/i>with the Royal Philharmonic in 2012. Of the piece, Williams has said, \u201cI don\u2019t know of any guitar concerto which is as consistently successful on all fronts.\u201d Goss has already written five concertos\u2014three with guitar. In 2017, he will have four new concertos premiered in the U.S., Germany, and Russia.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">It\u2019s somewhat of a surprise, then, to learn that Goss finds composing a painstaking process. \u201cIt\u2019s the hardest thing I do,\u201d he says. \u201cI spend a lot of time researching and thinking about each piece before putting pencil to paper. In a way, my creative process is similar to the Big Bang. There\u2019s an initial impetus at the start that explodes in every direction imaginable. It might come from a novel, painting, building, landscape, person, a piece of music, or an abstract idea. Then comes the difficult process of reining in the ideas. I spend a lot of time on the design phase of composition\u2014planning structure, harmonic language, register, density, and many other musical parameters.\u201d Goss does the majority of his writing away from any instrument.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">He also tailors his music to the performer who commissioned it, fashioning something to fit the musician\u2019s hands, playing style, musical personality, and concert programs. \u201cI thrive on the collaborative process,\u201d Goss states. \u201cI encourage performers to give me as much feedback as possible on what I write for them, and I\u2019ll often make changes based on their suggestions.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">\u201cWith the guitar, the repertoire is constantly evolving,\u201d he continues. \u201cFor example, if a guitarist commissions a piece from me, they tend to play it in every concert that they do in a season\u2014sometimes longer. When I write for other instruments, I\u2019m lucky to get more than half a dozen performances after the premiere.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s1\">Goss says he does not factor audience reaction into his composing: \u201cMy main concern is to do a good job both in my view and in the eyes of the people<\/span> who have commissioned or performed the work. It\u2019s always gratifying to have an appreciative audience, but trying to second-guess what an audience might enjoy, either now or in the future, is not a game I want to play.\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HMq9EJmYke8?rel=0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4>JORGE MOREL: VIBRANT RHYTHMS, JAZZ HARMONIES<\/h4>\n<p class=\"p2\">At 86, Argentina-born Jorge Morel has had a long career as both a performer and composer. He began guitar tutelage with his father at seven and continued at the Buenos Aires music academy of Pablo Escobar. Morel went on to launch a brilliant international performing career. He made New York City his home for decades, until recently relocating to Florida. Morel gained acclaim playing the guitar repertoire as well as his own works\u2014many built on the vibrant rhythms of his homeland. Living in New York, he played regularly at jazz clubs and shared the stage with such luminaries as Bill Evans, Stan Kenton, and Herbie Hancock. The influence of jazz shows up in the harmonies of Morel\u2019s solo guitar compositions and his arrangements of pop, jazz, and show tunes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">As a composer, he is largely self-taught. \u201cWhen I was 16 or 17, I began writing some short pieces,\u201d he says. \u201cI was 22 or 23 when\u00a0I wrote some of the solo guitar pieces that survive today.\u201d While his guitar writing is done intuitively, he also studied with composer and conductor Rudolph Schramm to learn about other instruments. \u201cRudy helped me\u00a0with harmony and\u00a0orchestration,\u201d Morel relates. \u201cHe encouraged me to write the concertos that I wrote later on.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s1\">In addition to Morel\u2019s recordings of his works, many top players have recorded them. Among those who have played his compositions are John Williams, Pepe and Angel Romero, David Starobin,<br \/>\nHillary Field, and Christopher Parkening. A YouTube search reveals the ongoing interest in his music by players worldwide. Among Morel\u2019s most popular pieces are several evocative of his South American roots, including \u201cPrelude\u201d from his <i>Suite del Sur<\/i>, \u201cRomance Criollo,\u201d \u201cDanza in E minor,\u201d and \u201cDanza Brasilera.\u201d In a more classical vein are his concerti <i>Fantasia de la Danza<\/i> and <i>Concierto Rapsodico, <\/i>both<i> <\/i>recorded by Krysztof Pelech.<i> <\/i>The three-movement <i>Sonatina <\/i>appeared on David Russell\u2019s Grammy-winning album, <i>Aire Latino<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">Morel says that he always composes with a guitar in his hands and consults the piano when writing orchestral music. \u201cAlthough you can be a great composer and not a great guitarist, it helps to know and play the instrument well enough so that you can write music that is idiomatic and interesting enough to attract players and the audience,\u201d he says. Indeed, Morel\u2019s use of Latin American rhythms, jazz harmonies, and appealing orchestration continues to draw guitarists to his music.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">Morel says isn\u2019t sure how many compositions he\u2019s written. \u201cI have a list somewhere,\u201d he says. \u201cThere are maybe 120 originals, including 11 works for guitar and orchestra, and almost 100 arrangements.\u00a0Most of them are published, except for about 11 or 12 new ones.\u201d Now retired from the concert stage, Morel divides his creative energies between composing and painting. \u201cI am writing a string quartet\u2014no guitar\u2014a guitar quartet, a guitar and flute duo, and a guitar duo,\u201d he says. \u201cHopefully, they will be performed soon.\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Mh50xNwSrQ8?rel=0\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"p1\">DU\u0160AN\u00a0<span class=\"s1\">BOGDANOVIC:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s2\">DRAWING\u00a0FROM\u00a0OLD\u00a0AND NEW INSPIRATIONS<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s3\">Like Morel, Serbian-born Du\u0161an Bogdanovic was also influenced by jazz and the rhythms of his native land. But considering Bogdanovic\u2019s different take on jazz and the vast differences between the rhythms and meters of Balkan and South American music, he\u2019s created a sound that is uniquely his own. Bogdanovic undertook formal training as both a guitarist and composer at the Conservatoire de musique de Gen\u00e8ve (Switzerland) during the 1970s. \u201cMy composition teacher was Pierre Wissmer but I also studied with\u00a0Alberto Ginastera privately,\u201d Bogdanovic shared in an email. \u201cMy composition studies were primarily important because of my work on the orchestration of the Debussy <i>Preludes<\/i> and analyzing Ravel\u2019s orchestration of Mussorgsky\u2019s music. It was also important to be in an environment where composition was the focus.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s3\">Bogdanovic has recorded many of hisown works, but they have also been played and\/or recorded by Bill Kanengiser, the Falla Trio, the Newman &amp; Oltman Duo, Denis Azabagic, J\u00e9r\u00e9my Jouve, Zoran Dukic, and countless others. Bogdanovic has also collaborated live and on record with such jazz artists as James Newton, Charlie Haden, and Milcho Leviev, among others. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s3\">His approach to composing has changed over the years. \u201cWhen I was younger, I used to compose on guitar mostly,\u201d hesays. \u201cBut for many years I\u2019ve been writing on piano and have purposely avoided the guitar to remain independent of the usual clich\u00e9s.\u201d\u00a0As for his actual composing process, Bogdanovic says he prefers to let inspiration lead and not plan too much out in advance. \u201cFor me, the process is simultaneously feeling and thinking, and I am pretty happy not knowing exactly what I am doing,\u201d he says. \u201cThis, however, can only go so far, and often I have to go back to analyze what I have done in order to figure out what comes next. For me, it\u2019s important to stick to the natural growth of the music and avoid distractions\u2014even if they are attractive or interesting.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s3\">He began composing before thinking about others playing his music. \u201cIn the beginning I didn\u2019t think about commissions, I just composed,\u201d he shares. \u201cI think that my\u00a0<i>Concerto<\/i> <i>for Guitar and String Orchestra <\/i>[1979] was probably my first commission. I wrote it for [Brazilian-born guitarist] Maria Livia S\u00e3o Marcos and she premiered it in Grenoble, France.\u201d When fulfilling a commission these days, he studies various aspects of the commissioner\u2019s artistry. \u201cI think about what kind of performer I am writing for and [about his or her] technique, taste, strengths, and weaknesses.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s3\">Bogdanovic has been fortunate to have several of his pieces enter the popular guitar repertoire. Among his most frequently played pieces are his solo guitar works <i>Mysterious Habitats<\/i>, <i>Balkan Miniatures<\/i>, and <i>Jazz Sonata<\/i>. However, as with any musician who has had a few \u201chits,\u201d the most popular pieces sometimes overshadow other works. \u201cIt\u2019s like considering\u00a0Beethoven\u2019s <i>F<\/i>\u00fcr<i> Elise<\/i> as his greatest achievement because everybody loves it and anybody can play it,\u201d Bogdanovic opines. He prefers to look at the high-water marks in his catalog: \u201cI have had some really excellent players perform some\u00a0of my more demanding [solo guitar] pieces lately, including my <i>Sonata 3<\/i>, <i>Homage to Ohana<\/i>, <i>Intro and Passacaglia<\/i> and my chamber music and concertos.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2uFzXlIdkOc?rel=0\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">GERARD <\/span><span class=\"s2\">DROZD:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">SINCERITY, FEEL, AND\u00a0SPONTANEITY<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p3\">On the other hand, Polish guitarist and composer Gerard Drozd has fully embraced the popularity of his best-known work, <i>Adagio, Op. 44<\/i>, his homage to J.S. Bach dedicated to guitarist and Bach scholar Tilman Hoppstock. Penned for solo guitar, the eight-minute work features a lyrical melody that unfolds over a wandering bass line moving in repeated eighth-notes with occasional interspersions of lush chords. \u201cThe piece has become so familiar that it\u2019s like my business card,\u201d Drozd states. \u201cSo many musicians have asked me to prepare new versions of the piece that there are now 15 versions of it for different instruments and ensembles. I\u2019m glad that my music has gained the interest of prominent guitarists and other musicians. Currently, I am working on a version for soprano saxophone and string orchestra.\u201d Another of his popular guitar pieces, \u201cTriptych, Op. 102\u201d written for Lily Afshar, is also played widely.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s4\">Drozd learned music on his own. \u201cTo tell the truth, I studied neither composition nor guitar formally,\u201d he says. \u201cI am totally self-taught. In a way, that has given me carte blanche to look for my own understanding of music and find my own way forward.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s4\">Still, Drozd studied diligently, and his work shows the influence of the masters in its architecture. \u201cI owe a lot to Bach, Chopin, Debussy, Ravel, Rachmaninov, Bartok, Shostakovich, Stravinsky, and some contemporary figures,\u201d he notes. And owing to his exploration of the artistry of Segovia, Bream, Williams, Russell, and Barrueco, Drozd\u2019s music lies very well on the guitar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s4\">The prolific composer has written more than 250 works, including music for solo guitar, various guitar ensembles, solo piano, string quartet, and other chamber configurations, plus concertos for one, two, and four guitars with orchestra. Also notable among his works are his <i>24 Preludes and Fugues<\/i> for guitar and <i>24 Preludes and Fugues<\/i> for piano.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s4\">Drozd says he works from purely musical ideas, often composing without an instrument. \u201cI use what I call \u2018kaleidoscopic harmony\u2019 and \u2018theory of controlled case.\u2019 They give me immense freedom to compose new works. I also write very quickly and never change anything once a piece is written. I always go with the first impact.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s4\">\u201cToday, you can use a variety of compositional techniques to write a new piece. You can have extensive knowledge, but I think the most important things are sincerity, a natural feel, and spontaneity in the creative process.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">As an established composer who receives a steady stream of commissions, Drozd counsels aspiring composers, \u201cBe honest and sincere in what you do. Try to write beautiful and good music and you will find musicians who will be interested in playing it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">Also a big part of this article as originally published is this <a href=\"http:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/composers-on-composing-andrew-york-listening-to-his-heart-and-mind\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Q&amp;A interview with Andrew York<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"wnv994vmY7\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/composers-on-composing-andrew-york-listening-to-his-heart-and-mind\/\">COMPOSERS ON COMPOSING Andrew York: Listening to His Heart (And Mind)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;COMPOSERS ON COMPOSING&lt;br\/&gt; Andrew York: Listening to His Heart (And Mind)&#8221; &#8212; Classical Guitar\" src=\"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/composers-on-composing-andrew-york-listening-to-his-heart-and-mind\/embed\/#?secret=wnv994vmY7\" data-secret=\"wnv994vmY7\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From the Summer 2017 issue of Classical Guitar | BY MARK SMALL By the time the modern guitar had six strings and a standardized tuning system, keyboard, string, woodwind, and brass instruments had already arrived at their current state. Hence the literature for other classical instruments has been in development longer than that of the guitar and boasts contributions from some of history\u2019s greatest composers. With so many writing guitar music these days, an ongoing debate in guitar circles is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7305,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stories"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Stephen-Goss-Jorge-Morel-Gerard-Drozd-Dusan-Bogndovic-Classical-Guitar-Composers-on-Composing.png?fit=750%2C420&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7299"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7299\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/classicalguitarmagazine.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}